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The official seal of colonial Connecticut in 1635.

Seal of Connecticut

The official seal of colonial Connecticut in 1635.

The official seal of colonial Rhode Island in 1636.

Seal of Rhode Island

The official seal of colonial Rhode Island in 1636.

The official U.S. state seal of Vermont.

Seal of Vermont

The official U.S. state seal of Vermont.

The official U.S. state seal of Ohio.

Seal of Ohio

The official U.S. state seal of Ohio.

The official seal of the U.S. state of Alabama.

Seal of Alabama

The official seal of the U.S. state of Alabama.

The official seal of the U.S. state of Minnesota.

Seal of Minnesota

The official seal of the U.S. state of Minnesota.

The official U.S. state seal of West Virginia.

Seal of West Virginia

The official U.S. state seal of West Virginia.

The official state seal of Colorado.

Seal of Colorado

The official state seal of Colorado.

An American poet and long-time editor of the New York Evening Post newspaper.

William Cullen Bryant

An American poet and long-time editor of the New York Evening Post newspaper.

The ancient King of Akkad, reigning from 2270 BC to 2215 BC.

Seal of Sargon I

The ancient King of Akkad, reigning from 2270 BC to 2215 BC.

The official seal of Sir Thomas Lucy, a magistrate who persecuted recusant Catholic families. The seal consists of three white luces interlaced.

Seal of Sir Thomas Lucy

The official seal of Sir Thomas Lucy, a magistrate who persecuted recusant Catholic families. The seal…

"In the church of St. Mary, at Bury St. Edmunds, the ceiling of the eastern compartment of the south aisle, once the chantry of John Baret, is richly painted and diapered with beautifully drawn collars of SS, each collar enclosing the monogram of this zealous Lancastrian, I.B."—Aveling, 1891

Monogram of John Baret

"In the church of St. Mary, at Bury St. Edmunds, the ceiling of the eastern compartment of the south…

"The rose argent of the House of York, surrounded with rays, as of the sun."—Aveling, 1891

Rose-en-Soleil

"The rose argent of the House of York, surrounded with rays, as of the sun."—Aveling, 1891

The heraldic badge of Edward V, the king of England in 1483.

Badge of Edward V

The heraldic badge of Edward V, the king of England in 1483.

The heraldic badge of Arthur Tudor, the son of King Henry VII of England.

Badge of Arthur Tudor

The heraldic badge of Arthur Tudor, the son of King Henry VII of England.

"De Bohun badge. From the central spandrel of the Canopy of the Brass to Alianore de Bohun, Duchess of Gloucester, A.D. 1399, in Westminster Abbey."—Aveling, 1891

De Bohun Badge

"De Bohun badge. From the central spandrel of the Canopy of the Brass to Alianore de Bohun, Duchess…

The rebus, or visual pun, of Bishop Oldham's badge.

Rebus of Bishop Oldham

The rebus, or visual pun, of Bishop Oldham's badge.

The heraldic badge of Abbot John de Wheathamstede. This badge has a rebus, or a visual pun representing his surname.

Badge of Abbot John de Wheathamstede

The heraldic badge of Abbot John de Wheathamstede. This badge has a rebus, or a visual pun representing…

The seal of the Bishop of Salisbury.

Bishop of Salisbury's Seal

The seal of the Bishop of Salisbury.

"The Star is the badge, first ordered by Charles I. The rays are of silver or diamonds. The star is worn on the left breast."—Aveling, 1891

Star of the Order of the Garter

"The Star is the badge, first ordered by Charles I. The rays are of silver or diamonds. The star is…

The heraldic seal of the Dauphin Louis in 1216.

Seal of the Dauphin Louis

The heraldic seal of the Dauphin Louis in 1216.

The heraldic seal of the archbishop of York, who worked under kings William II of England and Henry I of England.

Seal of Thurstan

The heraldic seal of the archbishop of York, who worked under kings William II of England and Henry…

The heraldic seal of Mauger le Vavassour.

Seal of Vavassour

The heraldic seal of Mauger le Vavassour.

The heraldic seal of Thomas Holland, KG, first Duke of Surrey.

Seal of Thomas Holland

The heraldic seal of Thomas Holland, KG, first Duke of Surrey.

"The Seal of Richard, Earl of Arundel, bears his achievement of arms. The supporters, crest, helm, etc., are as conspicuously drawn as the shield. The crest is large in proportion to the shield; it was usually thus represented in the compositions of the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries."—Aveling, 1891

Seal of Richard, Earl of Arundel

"The Seal of Richard, Earl of Arundel, bears his achievement of arms. The supporters, crest, helm, etc.,…

The state banner of New York, the empire state.

New York

The state banner of New York, the empire state.

"Foot of the seal, which opens and closes in the act of natation, the organ being folded upon itself during the non-effective or return stroke, and expanded during the effective or forward stroke. Due advantage is taken of this arrangement by the seal when swimming, the animal rotating on its long axis, so as to present the lower portion of the body and the feet obliquely to the water during the return stroke, and the flat, or the greatest available surface of both, during the effective or forward stroke."—Pettigrew, 1874

Foot of Seal

"Foot of the seal, which opens and closes in the act of natation, the organ being folded upon itself…

"The seal, adapted principally for water. The extremities are larger than in the porpoise and manatee."—Pettigrew, 1874

The Seal

"The seal, adapted principally for water. The extremities are larger than in the porpoise and manatee."—Pettigrew,…

"The turtle, adapted for swimming and diving, the extremities being relatively larger than in the seal, sea-bear, and walrus. The anterior extremities have a thick anterior margin and a thin posterior one, and in this respect resemble wings."—Pettigrew, 1874

The Turtle

"The turtle, adapted for swimming and diving, the extremities being relatively larger than in the seal,…

Early york cabbage is a variety of white cabbage.

Early York Cabbage

Early york cabbage is a variety of white cabbage.

Pictured are the top and bottom views of a York Imperial apple.

York Imperial Apple

Pictured are the top and bottom views of a York Imperial apple.

Pictured is the first tablet in New York state in memory of any apple. The tablet was erected in the town of Camillus on the original site of the primate apple tree.

Tablet to the Primate Apple

Pictured is the first tablet in New York state in memory of any apple. The tablet was erected in the…

Crataegus macracantha is a shrub of dense growth, growing twenty feet tall. It is native from New York to Vermont and Pennsylvania.

Crataegus Macracantha

Crataegus macracantha is a shrub of dense growth, growing twenty feet tall. It is native from New York…

Dewberries are trailing blackberries. The bartel variety grows wild from New York to Kansas and southwest.

Bartel Dewberry

Dewberries are trailing blackberries. The bartel variety grows wild from New York to Kansas and southwest.

Illustrated is a field grown plant of New York Improved eggplant.

New York Improved Eggplant

Illustrated is a field grown plant of New York Improved eggplant.

Illustrated is a plan of Morningside park. It is located is the upper part of New York City. It is an example of a small city park.

Plan of Morningside Park

Illustrated is a plan of Morningside park. It is located is the upper part of New York City. It is an…

Pictured are men plowing a sowing. This illustration is from a Babylonian seal impression from the 14th century, BCE.

Babylonian Seal Impression

Pictured are men plowing a sowing. This illustration is from a Babylonian seal impression from the 14th…

A gas holder is a metallic shell which is open at the bottom (like a bell), the lower edge of which dips into a deep tank of water in order to prevent the contained gas from escaping. The framework may be either of steel or timber -- the latter being preferred for the largest holders. This illustration shows a partial section of a typical large American gas holder. It is a 5,000,000 cubic foot holder in New York City.

Partial Section of Typical Large American Gas Holder

A gas holder is a metallic shell which is open at the bottom (like a bell), the lower edge of which…

This illustration shows a human leg (front view), and comparative diagrams showing modifications of the leg: 1. Human, 2. Ox, 3. Horse, 4. Bird, 5. Frog, 6. Crocodile, 7. Seal, 8. Dog, 9. Bear P. Pelvis, FE. Femur, TI. Tibia, FI. Fibula, TA. Tarsus, MT. Metatarsus, PH. Phalanges, OC. Os Calcis.

Human Leg (Front View), and Comparative Diagrams showing Modifications of the Leg

This illustration shows a human leg (front view), and comparative diagrams showing modifications of…

This illustration shows the leg of a seal. P. Pelvis, FE. Femur, TI. Tibia, FI. Fibula, TA. Tarsus, MT. Metatarsus, PH. Phalanges, OC. Os Calcis

Leg of Seal

This illustration shows the leg of a seal. P. Pelvis, FE. Femur, TI. Tibia, FI. Fibula, TA. Tarsus,…

The claws of a seal's left hind foot.

Seal

The claws of a seal's left hind foot.

East River Bridge, located in Brooklyn, New York.

Bridge

East River Bridge, located in Brooklyn, New York.

Illustration of Wesley Chapel on John Street in New York. It was dedicated on October 30, 1768. The chapel was named after John Wesley. It was torn down and replaced in 1818. It is a simple building with an arched main doorway and a small staircase leading to another set of double doors to the right. Several men and women are gathered in front of the building. There is a second building adjoining.

Wesley Chapel on John Street

Illustration of Wesley Chapel on John Street in New York. It was dedicated on October 30, 1768. The…

Pinnacle of buttress at York Minster cathedral in York, England.

York Minster Buttress Pinnacle

Pinnacle of buttress at York Minster cathedral in York, England.

"A screw cut on a solid, of such form that if any plane be taken through its longitudinal axis, the intersections of the plane by the perimeter are arcs of the pitch-circle of a wheel into which the screw is intended to work. It is so named from having been first employed by Mr. Hindley of York in England." —Whitney, 1889 <p>The hourglass shape of the screw increases the bearing area and therefore reduces wear.

Hindley's Screw

"A screw cut on a solid, of such form that if any plane be taken through its longitudinal axis, the…

"The seal <i>Macrorhinus elephantinus</i> or <i>proboscideus</i>, or <i>Morunga proboscidea</i>. It is the largest of the otaries; the snout is prolonged into a proboscis suggestive of an elephant's trunk. It is confined to the higher latitudes of the southern hemisphere...." &mdash;Whitney, 1889

Elephant Seal on a Rock

"The seal Macrorhinus elephantinus or proboscideus, or Morunga proboscidea. It is the largest of the…

Illustration of the entrance of an igloo, built out of ice, partially underwater. A seal is swimming under the water, headed for the entrance.

Seal Swimming up to an Igloo

Illustration of the entrance of an igloo, built out of ice, partially underwater. A seal is swimming…

<i>Leptonychotes weddelli</i>. "A spotted seal of the southern and antarctic seas, belonging to the family <i>Phocidae</i> and either of two different genera." &mdash;Whitney, 1889 <p>This illustration shows the seal lying on some rocks.

Leopard Seal

Leptonychotes weddelli. "A spotted seal of the southern and antarctic seas, belonging to the family…

"A press or stamp bearing dies on its jaws, or a die and a bed, for imprinting or embossing any device upon paper or a plastic material, as lead. It is much used to form the seals of seal-locks, and may be a kind of heavy pincers. a and a1, dies; b (dotted outline), bar sliding in guide c; d (dotted outline), abutment for coiled spring e; f, lever with cam g at the bottom. The lever moved in the direction in dicated by the arrow forces a down upon a1; when it is released the spring reverses the motion." &mdash;Whitney, 1889

Seal Press

"A press or stamp bearing dies on its jaws, or a die and a bed, for imprinting or embossing any device…

"A conduit or canal constructed, especially in a town or city, to carry off superfluous, water, soil, and other matters; a public drain. A, B, C, D, E forms used in London, Paris, and other European cities; F, G, H, I, J, K, L, special forms used in New York and other American cities. F shows a method of repairing with tiles at the bottom of an oval sewer. G, tile-bottomed sewer. H, barrel sewer...of wood bound with iron. I, a form used for large sewers. J, section of pipe sewer. K, half section of sewer having section similar to B, but also provided with a spandrel. L, the aqueduct form, used for large sewers only, it rests on a bed of concrete." &mdash;Whitney, 1889

Collection of Sewer Cross-Sections

"A conduit or canal constructed, especially in a town or city, to carry off superfluous, water, soil,…

"A circular box used for covering and protecting a seal. Old documents were commonly sealed by means of a ribbon which passed through the parchment, and to which was affixed a large circular wax seal, not attached to the parchment itself, but hanging below its edge. The skippet used to protect such a seal was commonly turned of wood, like a shallow box, with a cover formed of a simple disk of wood held to the box by strings passed through eyelet-holes." -Whitney, 1889

Skippet - Open Box with a Seal Inside

"A circular box used for covering and protecting a seal. Old documents were commonly sealed by means…

United Bank Building in New York City. Peabody and Sterns, Architects.

United Bank Building

United Bank Building in New York City. Peabody and Sterns, Architects.

Bay window projects from the wall of the Vanderbilt House in New York City. M. Hunt, Architect.

Bay Window in W. K. Vanderbilt's House

Bay window projects from the wall of the Vanderbilt House in New York City. M. Hunt, Architect.